term tests - OVER!
YAY! TERM TESTS IS OVER!
TWO WEEKS HOLIDAYS!
anyway, i think i'm 'lifting' the - write ten minutes thingy a day on this blog.
'cause i spend more time writing. :]
SO THIS MEANS MY POSTS WILL GET SHORTER!
lol.
okay, that part is sort of still thinking.
but maybe my posts will still be as long?
'cause it's all filled with random words like this.
lol.
at least it guides some train of thought?
lol.
just finding some lame reason to excuse my lame thingy.
hahahahahaahahhaaha.
okay. i shall stop writing before i become crazy.
lol.
TWO WEEKS HOLIDAYS!
anyway, i think i'm 'lifting' the - write ten minutes thingy a day on this blog.
'cause i spend more time writing. :]
SO THIS MEANS MY POSTS WILL GET SHORTER!
lol.
okay, that part is sort of still thinking.
but maybe my posts will still be as long?
'cause it's all filled with random words like this.
lol.
at least it guides some train of thought?
lol.
just finding some lame reason to excuse my lame thingy.
hahahahahaahahhaaha.
okay. i shall stop writing before i become crazy.
lol.
ONE MORE!
HEY!
OHMYGOD, OHMYGOD, OHMYGOD!
I ONLY HAVE ONE PAPER LEFT!
ONE PAPER!
AND THAT'LL END TOMORROW!
HOORAY!
haha, okay.
i'll cut down on my hyper-ing. XD
and get to studying!
yeah.
one last paper! :D
sort of watching news now.
and there's the new iphone!
hmm, frankly i don't really like touch-screen phones.
'cause it's so hard to press on them sometimes.
and i'm scared i'll scratch the phone screen too. :]
i'm so random.
lol.
talking about test then iphone.
LOL. XD
okay, i think that's it for today! :D
OHMYGOD, OHMYGOD, OHMYGOD!
I ONLY HAVE ONE PAPER LEFT!
ONE PAPER!
AND THAT'LL END TOMORROW!
HOORAY!
haha, okay.
i'll cut down on my hyper-ing. XD
and get to studying!
yeah.
one last paper! :D
sort of watching news now.
and there's the new iphone!
hmm, frankly i don't really like touch-screen phones.
'cause it's so hard to press on them sometimes.
and i'm scared i'll scratch the phone screen too. :]
i'm so random.
lol.
talking about test then iphone.
LOL. XD
okay, i think that's it for today! :D
ONE DOWN!
hey blog, it's the 7th!
TERM TESTS HAS STARTED!
hmm, i think that sentence has some error.
oh well.
sounds weird.
lol.
okay, never mind. XD
yeah, so back to the topic - term tests!
WEEEEEE~
anyway, it's ONE DOWN!
hooray! :D
yupp, so there's three more to go!
yay!
after this thursday i'll be a freeman!
or freewoman.
lol.
though there'll be still be assignments to do. :]
like the psychology write-up, will be due on 28th!
which is after our two week holidays.
oh well.
and i have my diploma notes to do!
you know, the pieces on Bartok, Scarlatti, etc.
well, well, well.
I SHALL END NOW. :D
TERM TESTS HAS STARTED!
hmm, i think that sentence has some error.
oh well.
sounds weird.
lol.
okay, never mind. XD
yeah, so back to the topic - term tests!
WEEEEEE~
anyway, it's ONE DOWN!
hooray! :D
yupp, so there's three more to go!
yay!
after this thursday i'll be a freeman!
or freewoman.
lol.
though there'll be still be assignments to do. :]
like the psychology write-up, will be due on 28th!
which is after our two week holidays.
oh well.
and i have my diploma notes to do!
you know, the pieces on Bartok, Scarlatti, etc.
well, well, well.
I SHALL END NOW. :D
The Season of Giving!
HEY BLOG!
it's the 5th of december today!
wow, it's just 20 days away from christmas! :D
pet society totally rocks and has that christmas atmosphere there!
yeah. so you should totally play it.
my pet is so cute! :D
okay, i'm rambling rubbish.
haha.
hmm, it's super nice at pet society.
there's like the daily gift there, if you buy the special calendar. :]
sort of reminds me of neopets which i used to play. :D
'cause it has this daily gift thingy if you visited it everyday in the month of december.
hmm, frankly, i think christmas is the most like coolest festival ever.
like everyone gets together to give each other presents!
chinese new year is the second best.
'cause we get to receive money and visit relatives.
but yeah, sadly i don't really celebrate christmas much. )=
i am so going to organise one!
okay.
more of a 'i wish'.
haha.
hmm, so that'a about it.
MY PET SOCIETY HOUSE ROCKS!
hahaha. XD
it's the 5th of december today!
wow, it's just 20 days away from christmas! :D
pet society totally rocks and has that christmas atmosphere there!
yeah. so you should totally play it.
my pet is so cute! :D
okay, i'm rambling rubbish.
haha.
hmm, it's super nice at pet society.
there's like the daily gift there, if you buy the special calendar. :]
sort of reminds me of neopets which i used to play. :D
'cause it has this daily gift thingy if you visited it everyday in the month of december.
hmm, frankly, i think christmas is the most like coolest festival ever.
like everyone gets together to give each other presents!
chinese new year is the second best.
'cause we get to receive money and visit relatives.
but yeah, sadly i don't really celebrate christmas much. )=
i am so going to organise one!
okay.
more of a 'i wish'.
haha.
hmm, so that'a about it.
MY PET SOCIETY HOUSE ROCKS!
hahaha. XD
term tests next week!
hi! long time no see? XD
yeah, i'm going to have my term tests next week!
so, jia you to me! :D
it's so stressful, and we sort of have lots of subjects to study. )=
sigh.
anyway, if you have noticed, i've changed my typing style!
note that i no longer have the space between my words like my past posts.
eg. hi !
lol.
just pointing out something random. XD
it's been some time i painted my nails!
like super long ago!
haha.
i think i'm going to paint it soon. :D
after the exams. haha.
i'm going to change this blogskin too.
got kind of boring for me.
lol.
yeah. so that's it for now. :D
BYE!
yeah, i'm going to have my term tests next week!
so, jia you to me! :D
it's so stressful, and we sort of have lots of subjects to study. )=
sigh.
anyway, if you have noticed, i've changed my typing style!
note that i no longer have the space between my words like my past posts.
eg. hi !
lol.
just pointing out something random. XD
it's been some time i painted my nails!
like super long ago!
haha.
i think i'm going to paint it soon. :D
after the exams. haha.
i'm going to change this blogskin too.
got kind of boring for me.
lol.
yeah. so that's it for now. :D
BYE!
December 1st!
DECEMBER 1ST!
oh my god.
time flies!
yeah. i didn't believe it when my friends told me it's december 1st today!
i was like.
OH MY GOD.
NEXT WEEK TERM TEST!
'cause i keep thinking it's still november.
oh well.
lol.
just ate a hong kong fry.
as in french fries you know?
'cause my brother came back from hong kong.
and incidentally, he brought this back.
lol.
i think it's sort of salty!
yeah. i seriously need to get STUDYING, like seriously!
i used seriously twice.
doesn't seem to flow.
lol.
hmmm.
OH!
i so have to share this with you. :D
i got this sudden inspiration to write about a mystery!
i've thought about what to write for the first chapter.
my real friends will be included inside, cool eh?
lol.
okay, i think it's cool. XD
okay, i need to find stuff for project. T.T
BYE BYE!
oh my god.
time flies!
yeah. i didn't believe it when my friends told me it's december 1st today!
i was like.
OH MY GOD.
NEXT WEEK TERM TEST!
'cause i keep thinking it's still november.
oh well.
lol.
just ate a hong kong fry.
as in french fries you know?
'cause my brother came back from hong kong.
and incidentally, he brought this back.
lol.
i think it's sort of salty!
yeah. i seriously need to get STUDYING, like seriously!
i used seriously twice.
doesn't seem to flow.
lol.
hmmm.
OH!
i so have to share this with you. :D
i got this sudden inspiration to write about a mystery!
i've thought about what to write for the first chapter.
my real friends will be included inside, cool eh?
lol.
okay, i think it's cool. XD
okay, i need to find stuff for project. T.T
BYE BYE!
Lipids
HI YA. i'm here to do boring notes again. :B
today it's about LIPIDS!
so these are the key points:
1. Define & Classify lipids
2. Identify food sources & fuel value of lipids
3. Explain digestion, absorption & functions of lipids
4. Describe role of lipids & blood lipids in health
5. State dietary recommendations for lipids
6. Describe effects of over-consumption & deficiency of lipids
okay, so firstly - classification !
1. Simple Lipids - Tryglycerides
-predominant lipid in foods & body!
-3 molecules of fatty acids linked to 1 molecule of glycerol
-stored in body in fat cells (adipocytes) in adipose tissues
2. Compound Lipids
-Phospholipids (eg lecithin) soluble in both oils & water
-Lecithin widely used as emulsifier
-Lipoproteins - transport lipids within body
4 main types of Lipoproteins
1. Chylomicrons - synthesized in small intestine
2. VLDL (Very-low-density Lipoproteins)
3. LDL (Low-density Lipoproteins)
4. HDL (High-density Lipoproteins)
How VLDL becomes LDL
-VLDL gives away tryglycerides to cells while picking up cholesterol
-thus, LDL
LDL is known as the "bad cholesterol".
LDL increases, risk of heart attack die to narrowed blood vessel increases.
HOWEVER,
HDL reduce risks of heart disease.
It picks up cholesterol from other tissues to be transported back to liver for breakdown & excretion.
3. Derived Lipids
-Sterol (eg cholesterol)
sterols naturally found in plants called phytosterols
cholesterol - found in animals!
Steroid hormones
(cholesterol converted into steroid hormones)
-have steroid nucleus in their structure
4. Lipid Related Compounds - Fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
More About Fatty Acids
1. Short chain fatty acids (less than 6 carbons)
eg dairy fats: milk, butter
2. Medium chain fatty acids (6-10 carbons)
eg coconut oil
3. Long chain fatty acids (more than 12 carbons)
eg found in human cells
Saturated fats (animal fats) - solid
Polyunsaturated (vegetable oil) - liquid
HYDROGENATION
-chemical process by which hydrogens are added to a double bond in a monosaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acid
-reduces no of double bond - fat more resistant to oxidation
-hydrogenation makes a fat more saturated
there are:
Cis & Trans Fatty Acids
Replace saturated fat with monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fat!
lowers blood cholesterol levels & lowers LDL & lowers risk for atherosclerosis and heart disease
Recommended Intake
-30% oe lwaa od out total energy should be from lipids
-Linoleic acid (omega-6)- 5-10%
-Linolenic acid (omega-3)- 0.6-1.2%
Functions
1. A concentrated source of energy
2. Main resting muscle fuel
3. Emergency/reserve fuel
4. As padding to protect internal organs
5. Insulate body from extremes of temperature
6. Form major component of cell membranes
7. As raw materials to synthesize body compounds
8. As carriers
9. Support health
Excessive Intake
1. Cardiovascular disease
-increase dietary intake of total fats (esp sat n trans fats) & cholesterol increases risk of atherosclerosis
2. Certain cancers
-diets (rich in fats esp animal fats), increases risk of certain cancers
3. Obesity
AHHHHH, FINALLY!! :D
today it's about LIPIDS!
so these are the key points:
1. Define & Classify lipids
2. Identify food sources & fuel value of lipids
3. Explain digestion, absorption & functions of lipids
4. Describe role of lipids & blood lipids in health
5. State dietary recommendations for lipids
6. Describe effects of over-consumption & deficiency of lipids
okay, so firstly - classification !
1. Simple Lipids - Tryglycerides
-predominant lipid in foods & body!
-3 molecules of fatty acids linked to 1 molecule of glycerol
-stored in body in fat cells (adipocytes) in adipose tissues
2. Compound Lipids
-Phospholipids (eg lecithin) soluble in both oils & water
-Lecithin widely used as emulsifier
-Lipoproteins - transport lipids within body
4 main types of Lipoproteins
1. Chylomicrons - synthesized in small intestine
2. VLDL (Very-low-density Lipoproteins)
3. LDL (Low-density Lipoproteins)
4. HDL (High-density Lipoproteins)
How VLDL becomes LDL
-VLDL gives away tryglycerides to cells while picking up cholesterol
-thus, LDL
LDL is known as the "bad cholesterol".
LDL increases, risk of heart attack die to narrowed blood vessel increases.
HOWEVER,
HDL reduce risks of heart disease.
It picks up cholesterol from other tissues to be transported back to liver for breakdown & excretion.
3. Derived Lipids
-Sterol (eg cholesterol)
sterols naturally found in plants called phytosterols
cholesterol - found in animals!
Steroid hormones
(cholesterol converted into steroid hormones)
-have steroid nucleus in their structure
4. Lipid Related Compounds - Fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K)
More About Fatty Acids
1. Short chain fatty acids (less than 6 carbons)
eg dairy fats: milk, butter
2. Medium chain fatty acids (6-10 carbons)
eg coconut oil
3. Long chain fatty acids (more than 12 carbons)
eg found in human cells
Saturated fats (animal fats) - solid
Polyunsaturated (vegetable oil) - liquid
HYDROGENATION
-chemical process by which hydrogens are added to a double bond in a monosaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acid
-reduces no of double bond - fat more resistant to oxidation
-hydrogenation makes a fat more saturated
there are:
Cis & Trans Fatty Acids
Replace saturated fat with monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fat!
lowers blood cholesterol levels & lowers LDL & lowers risk for atherosclerosis and heart disease
Recommended Intake
-30% oe lwaa od out total energy should be from lipids
-Linoleic acid (omega-6)- 5-10%
-Linolenic acid (omega-3)- 0.6-1.2%
Functions
1. A concentrated source of energy
2. Main resting muscle fuel
3. Emergency/reserve fuel
4. As padding to protect internal organs
5. Insulate body from extremes of temperature
6. Form major component of cell membranes
7. As raw materials to synthesize body compounds
8. As carriers
9. Support health
Excessive Intake
1. Cardiovascular disease
-increase dietary intake of total fats (esp sat n trans fats) & cholesterol increases risk of atherosclerosis
2. Certain cancers
-diets (rich in fats esp animal fats), increases risk of certain cancers
3. Obesity
AHHHHH, FINALLY!! :D
